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TiCN fund belongs to the application of ceramics - turning tool
In the CNC machine tool has become the mainstream of manufacturing equipment today, the tool industry shoulders the responsibility of providing the key equipment for the manufacturing industry - CNC tool. The processing technology level of manufacturing industry is greatly affected by the overall level of the tool industry, and the development of manufacturing industry will also promote the development of the tool industry. One of the main trends of tool industry development is the increasing application of new tool materials. Ceramics, cermet, silicon nitride ceramics, PCBN, PCD and other tool materials are further enhanced toughness, application occasions are increasing.
Cermet tool materials are prepared by adding secondary carbides (such as WC, Mo2C, TAC and Co-Ni) as binder in TiC-TiN matrix. It has the strength and toughness comparable to cemented carbide. Higher nitrogen content is helpful to improve the uniformity of fine grain microstructure and optimize the cutting performance of the tool. Gradient cermet tools have both good toughness and wear resistance. Reducing the content of cobalt and nitride binder on the surface is beneficial to improve the hardness and wear resistance of the cutting edge. Increasing the content of binder in the internal structure below the surface can improve the toughness and prolong the tool life.
Ceramics have been widely used in processing all kinds of steel parts, suitable for all kinds of steel and cast iron parts of medium load processing, semi-finishing and finishing. Cermet tools have excellent cutting performance when depth of cut (AP) is less than 2.5mm, feed per revolution (FN) is less than 0.25mm/ R, and feed per tooth (FZ) is less than 0.20mm/ tooth. In recent years, it has become the preferred tool material for precision cutting of cast iron and ductile cast iron. High frequency vibration is easy to produce in the processing of cast iron, and its side effect is to produce cracked chips, because high frequency vibration will cause the cutting edge of cermet chipping or damage. Today's cermet grades have been toughened and reinforced, making them tough and strong enough to keep the cutting edge stable when processing cast iron. Based on their material properties, cermets are ideal for high speed cutting without the risk of chip formation, which ensures very accurate machining results. In order to obtain the best performance, the user must consider the following points: turning processing, the need to adapt to the cutting volume of chip breaking table; When milling or end milling, it is very important to choose the proper tool geometry.
The greatest advantage of cermets lies in their chemical stability, which can inhibit the chemical reaction between the tool and the workpiece in the cutting process. So that it can obtain high machining accuracy and good surface finish. The stability of cermets ensures a high level of machining quality when users wish to complete their machining process through final finishing or medium load machining. Cermet tools perform well in valve machining or discontinuous inner hole machining where cutting temperature is high and machining accuracy is very important.
Cermet material itself has good heat resistance and wear resistance, so it is relatively easier for a cermet tool to maintain the sharpness of the cutting edge for a long time than a cemented carbide tool that can maintain its physical shape for a long time. Compared with cemented carbide tools, cermet tools produce a smoother surface of the workpiece.
In the automotive and aviation manufacturing industries, the requirements for workpiece surface finish are also increasing. The use of cermet tools in these industries is increasing. Cermets provide stable tool life and good surface finish, whether cutting common workpiece materials or processing various alloy steels and hardened steels with hardness below HRC45.
When cutting, the user must carefully choose the appropriate cermet tool, because its processing characteristics and coated carbide are very different. Unlike coated cemented carbides, cermets are not suitable for rough machining. When the chip generated is large, the shear action and cutting resistance will change greatly, and this continuous impact will cause the machining dimension out of tolerance, and eventually lead to tool damage. In addition, in the large cutting deep processing, the impact of the large chip roll on the back of the tool will aggravate the scratching wear, thereby damaging the cermet tool. This severe scratch wear is more likely to occur in the cutting of difficult-to-machine materials such as nickel -, iron - and cobalt-based heat resistant alloys. Therefore, cermet tools are not suitable for cutting difficult-to-machine materials. For this reason, coated cemented carbide tools are more suitable than cermet tools for cutting hard-to-cut materials and rough machining. High speed cutting is more economical because of greater chip removal. Cermet cutting tool is a kind of economical high speed cutting tool.
